Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	15
Number of observations	4314
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	505.7 KiB
Average record size in memory	120.0 B

Variable types

Numeric	14
Categorical	1

Alerts

`recency` is highly correlated with `num_purchases` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`avg_days_bw_purchases` is highly correlated with `num_purchases`	High correlation
`num_purchases` is highly correlated with `recency` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`frequency` is highly correlated with `recency` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`revenue` is highly correlated with `num_purchases` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`avg_ticket` is highly correlated with `revenue` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`avg_basket_size` is highly correlated with `revenue` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`returns_revenue` is highly correlated with `avg_return_revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`avg_return_revenue` is highly correlated with `returns_revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`num_returns` is highly correlated with `returns_revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`qty_returned` is highly correlated with `returns_revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`num_purchases` is highly correlated with `revenue` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`revenue` is highly correlated with `num_purchases`	High correlation
`avg_ticket` is highly correlated with `avg_basket_size`	High correlation
`avg_basket_size` is highly correlated with `avg_ticket`	High correlation
`returns_revenue` is highly correlated with `avg_return_revenue` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`avg_return_revenue` is highly correlated with `returns_revenue` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`num_returns` is highly correlated with `num_purchases`	High correlation
`qty_returned` is highly correlated with `returns_revenue` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`num_purchases` is highly correlated with `revenue`	High correlation
`revenue` is highly correlated with `num_purchases` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`avg_ticket` is highly correlated with `revenue` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`avg_basket_size` is highly correlated with `avg_ticket`	High correlation
`returns_revenue` is highly correlated with `avg_return_revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`avg_return_revenue` is highly correlated with `returns_revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`num_returns` is highly correlated with `returns_revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`qty_returned` is highly correlated with `returns_revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`customer_id` is highly correlated with `country`	High correlation
`country` is highly correlated with `customer_id` and 3 other fields	High correlation
`recency` is highly correlated with `date_range`	High correlation
`avg_days_bw_purchases` is highly correlated with `date_range`	High correlation
`num_purchases` is highly correlated with `revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`date_range` is highly correlated with `recency` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`revenue` is highly correlated with `country` and 7 other fields	High correlation
`avg_ticket` is highly correlated with `revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`avg_basket_size` is highly correlated with `country` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`returns_revenue` is highly correlated with `revenue` and 2 other fields	High correlation
`avg_return_revenue` is highly correlated with `revenue` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`num_returns` is highly correlated with `country` and 4 other fields	High correlation
`qty_returned` is highly correlated with `num_purchases` and 5 other fields	High correlation
`frequency` is highly skewed (γ1 = 58.76792338)	Skewed
`revenue` is highly skewed (γ1 = 21.49337008)	Skewed
`returns_revenue` is highly skewed (γ1 = -31.50396918)	Skewed
`avg_return_revenue` is highly skewed (γ1 = -39.63626209)	Skewed
`qty_returned` is highly skewed (γ1 = -26.03971011)	Skewed
`customer_id` has unique values	Unique
`avg_days_bw_purchases` has 1545 (35.8%) zeros	Zeros
`returns_revenue` has 2824 (65.5%) zeros	Zeros
`avg_return_revenue` has 2824 (65.5%) zeros	Zeros
`num_returns` has 2824 (65.5%) zeros	Zeros
`qty_returned` has 2824 (65.5%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-02-25 15:02:51.569034
Analysis finished	2022-02-25 15:04:08.001753
Duration	1 minute and 16.43 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.1.0
Download configuration	config.json

customer_id
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
UNIQUE

Distinct	4314
Distinct (%)	100.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	15301.828

Minimum	12347
Maximum	18287
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	12347
5-th percentile	12618.65
Q1	13816.25
median	15300.5
Q3	16779.75
95-th percentile	17981.4
Maximum	18287
Range	5940
Interquartile range (IQR)	2963.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1720.158381
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1124152213
Kurtosis	-1.195162781
Mean	15301.828
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1481.5
Skewness	0.00108150282
Sum	66012086
Variance	2958944.856
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
17850	1	< 0.1%
15280	1	< 0.1%
15700	1	< 0.1%
17299	1	< 0.1%
12837	1	< 0.1%
15076	1	< 0.1%
17444	1	< 0.1%
15921	1	< 0.1%
15747	1	< 0.1%
15840	1	< 0.1%
Other values (4304)	4304	99.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
12347	1	< 0.1%
12348	1	< 0.1%
12349	1	< 0.1%
12350	1	< 0.1%
12352	1	< 0.1%
12353	1	< 0.1%
12354	1	< 0.1%
12355	1	< 0.1%
12356	1	< 0.1%
12357	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
18287	1	< 0.1%
18283	1	< 0.1%
18282	1	< 0.1%
18281	1	< 0.1%
18280	1	< 0.1%
18278	1	< 0.1%
18277	1	< 0.1%
18276	1	< 0.1%
18273	1	< 0.1%
18272	1	< 0.1%

country
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	35
Distinct (%)	0.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

United Kingdom	3904
Germany	94
France	87
Spain	27
Belgium	24
Other values (30)	178

Length

Max length	20
Median length	14
Mean length	13.3379694
Min length	3

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	0
Distinct characters	0
Distinct categories	0 ?
Distinct scripts	0 ?
Distinct blocks	0 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	8 ?
Unique (%)	0.2%

Sample

1st row	United Kingdom
2nd row	United Kingdom
3rd row	France
4th row	United Kingdom
5th row	United Kingdom

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
United Kingdom	3904	90.5%
Germany	94	2.2%
France	87	2.0%
Spain	27	0.6%
Belgium	24	0.6%
Switzerland	20	0.5%
Portugal	19	0.4%
Italy	14	0.3%
Finland	12	0.3%
Norway	10	0.2%
Other values (25)	103	2.4%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
united	3906	47.4%
kingdom	3904	47.4%
germany	94	1.1%
france	87	1.1%
spain	27	0.3%
belgium	24	0.3%
switzerland	20	0.2%
portugal	19	0.2%
italy	14	0.2%
finland	12	0.1%
Other values (30)	126	1.5%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No values found.

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No values found.

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No values found.

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No values found.

Most frequent character per block

recency
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	304
Distinct (%)	7.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	93.04636069

Minimum	1
Maximum	374
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	3
Q1	18
median	51
Q3	143
95-th percentile	312
Maximum	374
Range	373
Interquartile range (IQR)	125

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	100.1658707
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.076515728
Kurtosis	0.4275857432
Mean	93.04636069
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	40
Skewness	1.246531943
Sum	401402
Variance	10033.20165
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	103	2.4%
5	94	2.2%
4	94	2.2%
3	89	2.1%
9	79	1.8%
11	77	1.8%
18	74	1.7%
8	71	1.6%
10	70	1.6%
16	64	1.5%
Other values (294)	3499	81.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	34	0.8%
2	103	2.4%
3	89	2.1%
4	94	2.2%
5	94	2.2%
6	48	1.1%
8	71	1.6%
9	79	1.8%
10	70	1.6%
11	77	1.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
374	17	0.4%
373	17	0.4%
372	6	0.1%
370	3	0.1%
369	5	0.1%
368	5	0.1%
367	10	0.2%
366	10	0.2%
365	6	0.1%
363	6	0.1%

avg_days_bw_purchases
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	1155
Distinct (%)	26.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	50.57101388

Minimum	0
Maximum	366
Zeros	1545
Zeros (%)	35.8%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	31.09090909
Q3	73.2375
95-th percentile	184
Maximum	366
Range	366
Interquartile range (IQR)	73.2375

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	65.3193721
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.291636594
Kurtosis	4.650366538
Mean	50.57101388
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	31.09090909
Skewness	1.988384569
Sum	218163.3539
Variance	4266.620371
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1545	35.8%
70	21	0.5%
46	18	0.4%
55	17	0.4%
49	16	0.4%
91	16	0.4%
42	15	0.3%
31	15	0.3%
35	15	0.3%
21	15	0.3%
Other values (1145)	2621	60.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1545	35.8%
1	9	0.2%
2	4	0.1%
2.861538462	1	< 0.1%
3	6	0.1%
3.330357143	1	< 0.1%
3.351351351	1	< 0.1%
4	4	0.1%
4.191011236	1	< 0.1%
4.275862069	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
366	1	< 0.1%
365	1	< 0.1%
364	1	< 0.1%
363	1	< 0.1%
357	2	< 0.1%
356	1	< 0.1%
355	2	< 0.1%
352	1	< 0.1%
351	2	< 0.1%
350	3	0.1%

num_purchases
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	56
Distinct (%)	1.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	4.260083449

Minimum	1
Maximum	206
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	2
Q3	5
95-th percentile	13
Maximum	206
Range	205
Interquartile range (IQR)	4

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7.659823284
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.798045361
Kurtosis	244.1186295
Mean	4.260083449
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	11.95278092
Sum	18378
Variance	58.67289274
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1493	34.6%
2	824	19.1%
3	501	11.6%
4	394	9.1%
5	237	5.5%
6	173	4.0%
7	139	3.2%
8	98	2.3%
9	68	1.6%
10	55	1.3%
Other values (46)	332	7.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1493	34.6%
2	824	19.1%
3	501	11.6%
4	394	9.1%
5	237	5.5%
6	173	4.0%
7	139	3.2%
8	98	2.3%
9	68	1.6%
10	55	1.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
206	1	< 0.1%
199	1	< 0.1%
124	1	< 0.1%
97	1	< 0.1%
91	1	< 0.1%
90	1	< 0.1%
86	1	< 0.1%
73	1	< 0.1%
62	2	< 0.1%
60	1	< 0.1%

date_range
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	374
Distinct (%)	8.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	187.2227631

Minimum	1
Maximum	374
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	19
Q1	75.25
median	191
Q3	286
95-th percentile	363
Maximum	374
Range	373
Interquartile range (IQR)	210.75

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	115.0122756
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6143071158
Kurtosis	-1.330645535
Mean	187.2227631
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	106
Skewness	0.01422106554
Sum	807679
Variance	13227.82354
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
366	30	0.7%
364	28	0.6%
25	26	0.6%
65	26	0.6%
350	26	0.6%
267	25	0.6%
357	25	0.6%
365	24	0.6%
54	24	0.6%
20	23	0.5%
Other values (364)	4057	94.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	10	0.2%
2	8	0.2%
3	10	0.2%
4	12	0.3%
5	10	0.2%
6	7	0.2%
7	7	0.2%
8	11	0.3%
9	6	0.1%
10	8	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
374	17	0.4%
373	21	0.5%
372	14	0.3%
371	8	0.2%
370	11	0.3%
369	11	0.3%
368	15	0.3%
367	20	0.5%
366	30	0.7%
365	24	0.6%

frequency
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
SKEWED

Distinct	1403
Distinct (%)	32.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	0.04749681833

Minimum	0.002673796791
Maximum	34
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.002673796791
5-th percentile	0.003285698878
Q1	0.01026962728
median	0.0192926045
Q3	0.03568779144
95-th percentile	0.1017463597
Maximum	34
Range	33.9973262
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.02541816416

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.5380913734
Coefficient of variation (CV)	11.32899829
Kurtosis	3681.775177
Mean	0.04749681833
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.01151511188
Skewness	58.76792338
Sum	204.9012743
Variance	0.2895423262
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.01851851852	27	0.6%
0.03846153846	27	0.6%
0.01960784314	23	0.5%
0.01538461538	23	0.5%
0.03225806452	23	0.5%
0.02127659574	22	0.5%
0.05263157895	22	0.5%
0.01923076923	21	0.5%
0.01639344262	21	0.5%
0.03125	20	0.5%
Other values (1393)	4085	94.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.002673796791	16	0.4%
0.002680965147	16	0.4%
0.002688172043	6	0.1%
0.002702702703	2	< 0.1%
0.0027100271	5	0.1%
0.002717391304	5	0.1%
0.00272479564	9	0.2%
0.002732240437	10	0.2%
0.002739726027	6	0.1%
0.002754820937	6	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
34	1	< 0.1%
6	1	< 0.1%
4	1	< 0.1%
2	6	0.1%
1.5	1	< 0.1%
1.333333333	2	< 0.1%
1	6	0.1%
0.6666666667	3	0.1%
0.5522788204	1	< 0.1%
0.5349462366	1	< 0.1%

revenue
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
SKEWED

Distinct	4228
Distinct (%)	98.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	1922.493971

Minimum	3.75
Maximum	278778.02
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	3.75
5-th percentile	110.8
Q1	300.835
median	655.335
Q3	1611.995
95-th percentile	5659.487
Maximum	278778.02
Range	278774.27
Interquartile range (IQR)	1311.16

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	8326.441313
Coefficient of variation (CV)	4.33106238
Kurtosis	594.9543093
Mean	1922.493971
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	454.265
Skewness	21.49337008
Sum	8293638.99
Variance	69329624.94
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
76.32	4	0.1%
113.5	3	0.1%
15	3	0.1%
35.4	3	0.1%
363.65	3	0.1%
79.2	3	0.1%
440	3	0.1%
193.64	2	< 0.1%
360	2	< 0.1%
172.25	2	< 0.1%
Other values (4218)	4286	99.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.75	1	< 0.1%
5.9	1	< 0.1%
12.24	1	< 0.1%
12.75	1	< 0.1%
15	3	0.1%
17	1	< 0.1%
20.8	2	< 0.1%
25.5	1	< 0.1%
30	1	< 0.1%
30.6	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
278778.02	1	< 0.1%
259657.3	1	< 0.1%
189735.53	1	< 0.1%
133007.13	1	< 0.1%
123638.18	1	< 0.1%
114505.32	1	< 0.1%
88138.2	1	< 0.1%
65920.12	1	< 0.1%
62924.1	1	< 0.1%
59419.34	1	< 0.1%

avg_ticket
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	4222
Distinct (%)	97.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	371.2222619

Minimum	3.75
Maximum	13206.5
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	3.75
5-th percentile	88.265
Q1	174.41875
median	283.27375
Q3	421.7894118
95-th percentile	892.6525
Maximum	13206.5
Range	13202.75
Interquartile range (IQR)	247.3706618

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	465.0948215
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.252874273
Kurtosis	202.5753972
Mean	371.2222619
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	118.1775
Skewness	10.64690937
Sum	1601452.838
Variance	216313.193
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
76.32	4	0.1%
120	3	0.1%
440	3	0.1%
79.2	3	0.1%
113.5	3	0.1%
35.4	3	0.1%
174.37	2	< 0.1%
153.275	2	< 0.1%
172.25	2	< 0.1%
151.05	2	< 0.1%
Other values (4212)	4287	99.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.75	1	< 0.1%
5.9	1	< 0.1%
7.5	1	< 0.1%
9.14	1	< 0.1%
11.67	1	< 0.1%
12.24	1	< 0.1%
12.75	1	< 0.1%
15	2	< 0.1%
17	1	< 0.1%
20.8	2	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
13206.5	1	< 0.1%
9338.38	1	< 0.1%
7178.633333	1	< 0.1%
6207.67	1	< 0.1%
6181.909	1	< 0.1%
4873.81	1	< 0.1%
4366.78	1	< 0.1%
4327.621667	1	< 0.1%
4314.72	1	< 0.1%
4151.26	1	< 0.1%

avg_basket_size
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	2243
Distinct (%)	52.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	200.1733572

Minimum	0.25
Maximum	7824
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.25
5-th percentile	30
Q1	80.05555556
median	140
Q3	236.2527778
95-th percentile	524.1166667
Maximum	7824
Range	7823.75
Interquartile range (IQR)	156.1972222

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	269.9096032
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.348379259
Kurtosis	193.3956544
Mean	200.1733572
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	70.63068182
Skewness	10.0145208
Sum	863547.8631
Variance	72851.19387
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
120	19	0.4%
72	18	0.4%
64	17	0.4%
136	16	0.4%
144	16	0.4%
44	16	0.4%
146	15	0.3%
100	15	0.3%
106	15	0.3%
60	15	0.3%
Other values (2233)	4152	96.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.25	1	< 0.1%
1	2	< 0.1%
2	4	0.1%
3	4	0.1%
3.333333333	1	< 0.1%
4	7	0.2%
5	3	0.1%
5.25	1	< 0.1%
5.5	1	< 0.1%
5.666666667	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
7824	1	< 0.1%
4300	1	< 0.1%
4280	1	< 0.1%
3218.416667	1	< 0.1%
3028	1	< 0.1%
2924	1	< 0.1%
2880	1	< 0.1%
2708	1	< 0.1%
2663.945946	1	< 0.1%
2529	1	< 0.1%

avg_unique_prods
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1001
Distinct (%)	23.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	21.64808369

Minimum	1
Maximum	297.8823529
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	2.977659574
Q1	9.407142857
median	17
Q3	27.75
95-th percentile	56
Maximum	297.8823529
Range	296.8823529
Interquartile range (IQR)	18.34285714

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.44159972
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8980748595
Kurtosis	23.97222811
Mean	21.64808369
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	8.5
Skewness	3.301452068
Sum	93389.83303
Variance	377.9757995
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	98	2.3%
13	98	2.3%
10	87	2.0%
9	81	1.9%
11	80	1.9%
14	74	1.7%
6	72	1.7%
8	72	1.7%
7	72	1.7%
5	70	1.6%
Other values (991)	3510	81.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	98	2.3%
1.2	1	< 0.1%
1.25	1	< 0.1%
1.333333333	2	< 0.1%
1.5	8	0.2%
1.545454545	1	< 0.1%
1.571428571	1	< 0.1%
1.666666667	4	0.1%
1.833333333	1	< 0.1%
1.888888889	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
297.8823529	1	< 0.1%
259	1	< 0.1%
219	1	< 0.1%
191	1	< 0.1%
171	1	< 0.1%
155	1	< 0.1%
153	1	< 0.1%
148	2	< 0.1%
141	1	< 0.1%
135.3333333	1	< 0.1%

returns_revenue
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
SKEWED
ZEROS

Distinct	1051
Distinct (%)	24.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	-50.23773992

Minimum	-22998.4
Maximum	0
Zeros	2824
Zeros (%)	65.5%
Negative	1490
Negative (%)	34.5%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-22998.4
5-th percentile	-139.5725
Q1	-14.4375
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	0
Maximum	0
Range	22998.4
Interquartile range (IQR)	14.4375

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	499.5383175
Coefficient of variation (CV)	-9.943487073
Kurtosis	1243.448136
Mean	-50.23773992
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	-31.50396918
Sum	-216725.61
Variance	249538.5306
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2824	65.5%
-12.75	20	0.5%
-4.95	19	0.4%
-15	17	0.4%
-9.95	17	0.4%
-5.9	12	0.3%
-19.8	10	0.2%
-25.5	10	0.2%
-4.25	10	0.2%
-3.75	9	0.2%
Other values (1041)	1366	31.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-22998.4	1	< 0.1%
-14688.24	1	< 0.1%
-8511.15	1	< 0.1%
-7443.59	1	< 0.1%
-5228.4	1	< 0.1%
-4815.26	1	< 0.1%
-4814.74	1	< 0.1%
-4486.24	1	< 0.1%
-4429	1	< 0.1%
-3677.15	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2824	65.5%
-0.42	2	< 0.1%
-0.65	1	< 0.1%
-0.95	1	< 0.1%
-1.25	4	0.1%
-1.45	4	0.1%
-1.64	1	< 0.1%
-1.65	5	0.1%
-1.7	2	< 0.1%
-1.79	1	< 0.1%

avg_return_revenue
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
SKEWED
ZEROS

Distinct	1097
Distinct (%)	25.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	-9.750384134

Minimum	-4599.68
Maximum	0
Zeros	2824
Zeros (%)	65.5%
Negative	1490
Negative (%)	34.5%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-4599.68
5-th percentile	-29.785
Q1	-6.562
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	0
Maximum	0
Range	4599.68
Interquartile range (IQR)	6.562

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	85.59812028
Coefficient of variation (CV)	-8.778948512
Kurtosis	1977.744808
Mean	-9.750384134
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	-39.63626209
Sum	-42063.15715
Variance	7327.038195
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2824	65.5%
-12.75	23	0.5%
-4.95	21	0.5%
-9.95	20	0.5%
-15	17	0.4%
-3.75	10	0.2%
-4.25	10	0.2%
-8.25	9	0.2%
-5.9	9	0.2%
-7.5	9	0.2%
Other values (1087)	1362	31.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-4599.68	1	< 0.1%
-1605.086667	1	< 0.1%
-1591.2	1	< 0.1%
-833.25	1	< 0.1%
-687.82	1	< 0.1%
-638.6191304	1	< 0.1%
-594	1	< 0.1%
-581.4	1	< 0.1%
-535.3333333	1	< 0.1%
-512.9	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2824	65.5%
-0.42	2	< 0.1%
-0.65	1	< 0.1%
-0.82	1	< 0.1%
-0.95	1	< 0.1%
-1.05	1	< 0.1%
-1.075	1	< 0.1%
-1.116666667	1	< 0.1%
-1.25	5	0.1%
-1.38	1	< 0.1%

num_returns
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	57
Distinct (%)	1.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	1.908669448

Minimum	0
Maximum	223
Zeros	2824
Zeros (%)	65.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	1
95-th percentile	9
Maximum	223
Range	223
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7.060436262
Coefficient of variation (CV)	3.699140397
Kurtosis	303.4166822
Mean	1.908669448
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	13.61923014
Sum	8234
Variance	49.8497602
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2824	65.5%
1	473	11.0%
2	283	6.6%
3	171	4.0%
4	117	2.7%
5	83	1.9%
6	52	1.2%
7	51	1.2%
8	41	1.0%
11	22	0.5%
Other values (47)	197	4.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2824	65.5%
1	473	11.0%
2	283	6.6%
3	171	4.0%
4	117	2.7%
5	83	1.9%
6	52	1.2%
7	51	1.2%
8	41	1.0%
9	17	0.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
223	1	< 0.1%
133	1	< 0.1%
112	1	< 0.1%
111	1	< 0.1%
92	1	< 0.1%
90	1	< 0.1%
81	1	< 0.1%
78	1	< 0.1%
70	1	< 0.1%
62	1	< 0.1%

qty_returned
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
HIGH CORRELATION
SKEWED
ZEROS

Distinct	206
Distinct (%)	4.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	-25.13908206

Minimum	-9360
Maximum	0
Zeros	2824
Zeros (%)	65.5%
Negative	1490
Negative (%)	34.5%
Memory size	33.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-9360
5-th percentile	-57
Q1	-3
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	0
Maximum	0
Range	9360
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	273.3026969
Coefficient of variation (CV)	-10.87162595
Kurtosis	787.9373344
Mean	-25.13908206
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	-26.03971011
Sum	-108450
Variance	74694.36414
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2824	65.5%
-1	169	3.9%
-2	148	3.4%
-3	105	2.4%
-4	89	2.1%
-6	78	1.8%
-5	61	1.4%
-12	51	1.2%
-7	44	1.0%
-8	43	1.0%
Other values (196)	702	16.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-9360	1	< 0.1%
-9014	1	< 0.1%
-8004	1	< 0.1%
-4427	1	< 0.1%
-3768	1	< 0.1%
-3332	1	< 0.1%
-2878	1	< 0.1%
-2022	1	< 0.1%
-2012	1	< 0.1%
-1776	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2824	65.5%
-1	169	3.9%
-2	148	3.4%
-3	105	2.4%
-4	89	2.1%
-5	61	1.4%
-6	78	1.8%
-7	44	1.0%
-8	43	1.0%
-9	41	1.0%

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	customer_id	country	recency	avg_days_bw_purchases	num_purchases	date_range	frequency	revenue	avg_ticket	avg_basket_size	avg_unique_prods	returns_revenue	avg_return_revenue	num_returns	qty_returned
0	17850	United Kingdom	373	1.000000	34	1	34.000000	5288.63	155.547941	48.371429	8.735294	-102.58	-6.838667	15.0	-40.0
1	13047	United Kingdom	57	52.833333	9	317	0.028391	3089.10	343.233333	84.687500	19.000000	-143.49	-6.238696	23.0	-35.0
2	12583	France	3	26.500000	15	371	0.040431	6629.34	441.956000	292.823529	15.466667	-76.04	-25.346667	3.0	-50.0
3	13748	United Kingdom	96	92.666667	5	278	0.017986	948.25	189.650000	87.800000	5.600000	0.00	0.000000	0.0	0.0
4	15100	United Kingdom	334	20.000000	3	40	0.075000	635.10	211.700000	9.666667	1.000000	-240.90	-80.300000	3.0	-22.0
5	15291	United Kingdom	26	26.769231	14	348	0.040230	4551.51	325.107857	109.105263	7.285714	-71.79	-11.965000	6.0	-29.0
6	14688	United Kingdom	8	19.263158	21	366	0.057377	5107.38	243.208571	119.333333	15.285714	-523.49	-16.359063	32.0	-399.0
7	17809	United Kingdom	17	39.666667	12	357	0.033613	5344.85	445.404167	144.000000	5.083333	-67.06	-33.530000	2.0	-41.0
8	15311	United Kingdom	1	4.191011	91	373	0.243968	59419.34	652.959780	319.661017	25.901099	-1348.56	-12.040714	112.0	-474.0
9	16098	United Kingdom	88	47.666667	7	286	0.024476	2005.63	286.518571	87.571429	9.428571	0.00	0.000000	0.0	0.0

Last rows

	customer_id	country	recency	num_purchases	date_range	frequency	revenue	avg_ticket	avg_basket_size	avg_unique_prods	returns_revenue	avg_return_revenue	num_returns	qty_returned
4304	16000	United Kingdom	3	3	3	1.000000	12393.70	4131.233333	1703.333333	3.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0
4305	15195	United Kingdom	3	1	3	0.333333	3861.00	3861.000000	1404.000000	1.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0
4306	14087	United Kingdom	3	1	3	0.333333	181.67	181.670000	125.000000	61.0	-12.75	-12.75	1.0	-1.0
4307	14204	United Kingdom	3	1	3	0.333333	161.03	161.030000	82.000000	36.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0
4308	15471	United Kingdom	3	1	3	0.333333	469.48	469.480000	266.000000	67.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0
4309	13436	United Kingdom	2	1	2	0.500000	196.89	196.890000	76.000000	12.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0
4310	15520	United Kingdom	2	1	2	0.500000	343.50	343.500000	314.000000	18.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0
4311	13298	United Kingdom	2	1	2	0.500000	360.00	360.000000	96.000000	2.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0
4312	14569	United Kingdom	2	1	2	0.500000	227.39	227.390000	79.000000	10.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0
4313	12713	Germany	1	1	1	1.000000	794.55	794.550000	505.000000	37.0	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.0

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Interactions

Correlations

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows